RESEARCH

MOROGORO SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM

RESEARCH REPORT ON

THE ROLE OF MOROGORO LOCAL RADIO STATION IN REDUCING

POVERTY

CASE STUDY: RADIO UKWELI-MOROGORO

PREPARED BY:

SILVANO KAYERA

A RESEARCH REPORT IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA LEVEL IN JOURNALISM DEPARTMENT

YEAR: 2013

DECLARATION

I Silvano Kayera do here by declare this research proposal will be the results of my own finding and has never been submitted for any academic award at any diploma level

Supervisor:

Full name: Augustine Nongwe

Signature………………………

c COPYRIGHT

This property is for Silvano Kayera, no one is allowed to reproduce in any form, other wise legal measure will be taken upon any person involving in the plagiarizing of this work

All rights are reserved, Silvano Kayera who is the owner of this property only offers Morogoro School of Journalism a permission to reproduce or photocopy this paper where necessary for the academic purpose

Silvano Kayera (2013)

DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to my family, friends, tutors and my fellow students for their support in my studies at Morogoro School of Journalism from 2011 to 2013.May god bless and take care of them for ever.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The success of my studies depending much from God for his good caring, intelligence and good health he as given to me. Thank him and I will always walk in his way and light

I thank my supervisor Mr.Nongwe for his guidance in the preparation of this paper and also I appreciate his kindness and commitment in assisting me to accomplish this work

I thank my beloved parents Alphonce Kayera and Mary Mbao the same with Mrs. Bavon family for their good caring, love, and good morals they have imparted in me. May the lord give them good health in their life

I sincerely thank my young fathers Rv.Fr.Wenseslaus Kayera and Matern Kayera for their great contribution in my studies may the lord Jesus Christ blesses them.

I also give my sincere thanks to my family for their material support, prayers and financial assistance in my studies

I also wish to thank my lovely young sisters Alphoncena and Imelda Kayera the same with my brother Cleophas Kayera, tutors and class members I always love them.

ABSTRACT

This research report assesses the role of morogoro local radio station in reducing poverty and case study undertaken at radio ukweli station.

The researcher tried to use radio ukweli as a case study for the aim of looking on how radio ukweli contribute in reducing poverty within morogoro municipal through their program aired and to determine the measures used to reduce poverty.

The researcher also used different questions that led to get data about what measures taken to reduce poverty, what kind of program that aired at radio ukweli station and also to know the role of radio ukweli in reducing poverty.

The researcher used to relate with other researchers like Arjun Appadurai (2004) who wrote report about environment of poverty and discovered that people poor lack ideas capacities that led poverty,also researcher Sachs Jeffrey (2005) who discover the solution of poverty is carefully planned development aid and also researcher used literature through reading different books such as Mkukuta book (2009), book of taarifa ya haki za binadam Tanzania (2009), and book of Nyambari Nyangwine of general studies from advanced level all books talk about the situation of poverty for different perception that include sources of poverty and various solution such as provision of education and provision of loans to the people.

In data collection, the researcher employed several data collection method including sampling that contained random selection and accidentally where by 40 people as a respondent aired out their opinions,also used primary and secondary method while primary include interview,open and ended questionnaire.

The researcher found the number of people who listened radio ukweli where findings revealed that 20 respondent out of 40 are listening radio ukweli but there is small gap number with the people who are not listening radio ukweli is17 out of 40 so what revealed is the number of people who listen radio ukweli is very small.

The researcher recommends to the government that they should sponsor various program about poverty so as to be aired to the media,also they should provide education about entrepreneurship because most of people they don’t have knowledge about entrepreneurship that led them to employ themselves,and also media owners they should ensure that their media run program about poverty in their media

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

RTD - Radio Tanzania Dare es salaam

BBC - British Broad casting Corporation

TBS - Tanganyika Broadcasting Service

DBS - Dar -es- Salaam Broadcasting Service

TBC - Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation

REV - Reverent

WW2 - Second world war

DIFINITION OF KEY TERMS

Radio-is the electronic media which transimit information to the audience through waves

Poverty-is the situation or condition where people unable to control or afford the basic needs of life such as food,shelter and clothing

Absolute poverty-refers to the one who lack basic human needs which commonly includes clean and fresh water,nutrition health care,education,clothing and shelter.

Relative poverty-refers to lacking a usual or socially acceptable level of resources or income as compared with others

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Poverty is the condition or situation where by people fail or unable to control or afford the basic needs of life such as food, shelter and clothing. Also nowadays poverty become as a ring of drums in the ears of people because poverty try to touch every one in the various areas that lead most of the people fail to afford the basic needs.

According to poverty (sociology).britanica.com from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia define that poverty is the state of one who lacks certain amount of material possession or money also poverty categorized in two areas such as absolute poverty and relative poverty.

Absolute poverty refers to the one who lack basic human needs which commonly includes clean and fresh water, nutrition health care, education, clothing and shelter. About 1.7 billion people are estimated to live in absolute poverty today.

Relative poverty this refers to lacking a usual or socially acceptable level of resources or income as compared with others within a society or country, for most of history poverty had been mostly accepted as inevitable as traditional modes of production were insufficient to give an entire population a comfortable standard of living”

But in another side poverty can make classes among the people because through two category of poverty absolute and relative poverty show there is different perception of poverty among the people because there is side believe that poverty it include those who lack clean and fresh water, nutrition, healthcare, education, clothing and shelter but in another side look poverty as lacking a usual or socially acceptable level of resources.

Also according to World Bank poverty is pronounced deprivation in well being and comprises many dimensions. It includes low income and inability to acquire the basic goods and services necessary for survival with dignity. Poverty also compasses low level of health and education, poor access to clean water and sanitation in adequate physical security, lack of voice and insufficient capacity and opportunity to better ones life.

Also world bank defines extreme poverty as living on less than us $1.25 per day and moderate poverty as less than $ or $5 a day (but note that person or family with access to subsistence resources example subsistence farmers may have a low cash income without a correspondingly low standard of living they are not living on their cash income but using it as a top up.)”

But in Tanzania define poverty as living on less than $ 1 per day thus why led most of the people fail to afford the basic needs of life such as food, shelter and clothing and others lack education which will enable them to overcome poverty in their life.

According to united nation, poverty is fundamentally is a denial of choice and opportunities, a violation of human dignity it means lack of basic capacity to participate effectively in society, it means not having enough to feed and cloth a family, not

having school or clinic to go, not having the land on which to grow ones food or job to earn ones living not having access to credit .It means insecurity, powerlessness and exclusion of individuals, house hold and communities, it means susceptibility to violence and it often implies living in marginal or fragile environment without access to clean water or sanitation

But united nation tried to look specific areas that led people to be poverty in now days life, because most of the people in the various society they unable to feed and cloth a family, others they not having school or clinic to go, not having the land on which to grow ones food.

But radio is the electronic media which transmit information to the audience through waves, and also radio use special codes to send information to the audience such as human voice, music, sound effect and silence. But according to oxford advanced learners dictionary (new edition 2010) define radio as the process of sending and receiving message by electro magnetic waves without connecting a wire.

Also the wikipedia (the free encyclopedia) define radio as the transmission of signal through free space by modulation of electro magnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light.

But Radio today in Tanzania as we know is relatively to the development nation especially in Africa continent. It was established in early days of 1790 and 1880 during the missionaries and colonial era in Africa.

Radio broadcasting in development countries initially started in South Africa in 1920

In Tanganyika (the present day Tanzania mainland after union with Zanzibar in 1964) the radio was introduced by British colonialist in the last decade of their rule in the country. The ideas to establish a radio service started soon after the Second World War (ww2) following a raise in news demand.

Initially the whole plan was shelved after it was discovered that resource in technical equid available for reception were were small and less than ten Africans owned .set (sturmer 1998).

Another study recommended that radio station in Tanganyika were feasible therefore in 1951 the first radio christened dare es salaam city only.

According to Kondo (1984) the Dare es salaam Broadcasting service (DBS) acquired short wave equipment in 1955, which enabled it to be heard beyond Dare as salaam and changed its name to Tanganyika Broad casting

Service (TBS).The name short lived one year later changed to Tanganyika Broadcasting Corporation (TBC) modeled along British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).

After independence in 1961 radio service remained firmly in the hand of the government control. In 1965

TBC was renamed Radio Tanzania Dare es salaam (RTD) and subsequently nationalized. Therefore through post independent years and especially after the Arusha Declaration in 1967 Radio was made part and parcel of national building strategies in Tanzania. The government improved both coverage and content in such way that by 1980 about 85% of the country was well covered by Radio Tanzania Dare es salaam.

In order to improve its content in such a way Radio Tanzania Dare es salaam had two services that is national service that broadcasting in Kiswahili and external service which the Radio Tanzania Dare es salaam re organized once again in the 1990 and 2000 following change of policy from ujamaa to liberalization in 2007 the Radio Tanzania changes its name once again to Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation (TBC) encompassing television service under its dock.

The liberalization also saw the Radio being modeled toward becoming a public broadcasting service from being purely a government mouth piece, in additional the liberation enabled establishment of privately radio.

1.2 THE PROFILE OF MOROGORO REGION

Geographical Location

Data from joint commission (2002) stated that, Morogoro region lies between latitude

5o 58’’ and 10o 0” to the south of the equator and longitude 35o 25” and 35o 30” to the east. It is bordered by seven other regions such as; Arusha, Tanga and Manyara regions to the North, the coast region to the East, and Dodoma, Iringa to the West, and Ruvuma, Lindi to the South.

Land Area

Morogoro Region occupies a total of 72,939 square kilometers which is approximately 8.2% of the total area of Tanzania mainland. It is the third largest region in country after Arusha and Tabora regions.

Ethnic Groups

The main ethnic groups in Morogoro region are the Luguru, Kaguru, Sagara, Ndamba and Pogoro.The Luguru dominate Morogoro rural district, Sagara, Kaguru in Kilosa, but Ndamba dominate in Kilombero and Pogoro in Ulanga district.

Population size, Growth and Density

Morogoro had a population of 2,633,426 in 2002(population census 2002).This was about 5.27 percent of the total Tanzania mainland population of 48,174,443.

1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

There is no doubt that the media are very crucial in every development discussion especially in eradicating poverty in the society, but till now the media fail to eradicate poverty in various areas because most of the people in the society are still starving with poverty while the media are present. Therefore in order to address poverty in morogoro municipal and Tanzania at large, media played big role in running various programs that led people educated and give the strategies on how to overcome poverty.

Media has a big power of emphasizing, and educating the society .so due to that, media should respond in ensuring the society is going to be educated and informed about poverty in Morogoro municipal, but there is no study of this type which has ever been done before in Morogoro municipal, room is given for further research.

1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

General objective

To understand the role of electronic media {radio} in reducing poverty at Morogoro Municipal.

Specific objectives

i) To determine measures of reducing poverty

ii) To determine if there is any program about poverty aired at radio ukweli station

iii) To determine the role of radio ukweli station in reducing poverty at Morogoro Municipal

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTION

i/what are the measures used to reduce poverty?

ii/what kind of program that aired at the radio ukweli station

iii/what are the roles of radio ukweli in reducing poverty at Morogoro Municipal

1.6 SCOPE/LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study was conducted in Morogoro Municipal which is chosen by the researcher to represent other areas suffering the same problem in the country because most of the people are familiar with the problem, also in Morogoro municipal there are a lot of local radio stations and the area identified because of its large population of people who are poverty.

The researcher was not effectively collect the required information or data because of financial difficulties tha led to lack transport, photocopying questionnaire and reaching the respondents easily since the researcher is private sponsored.

Also the study faced in adequate time and this appeared during the whole preparation of research and other respondents are expected to refuse to be asked due to their busy activities although the researcher is going to request them.

1.7 SIGNIFCANCE OF THE STUDY

i/The findings used as the partial fulfillment for the award of diploma level

ii/The research were led to know the role of radio stations in reducing poverty in the society

iii/This report used as reference by other researchers

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Introduction

Literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars researchers.

2.1 RELATED LITERATURES

This part shows the views of other researchers who used different books in the same topic, the following are reviewed literature.

Mkukuta Media Tool kit from centre for media studies, Research and Networking (2009) said about poverty as the situation of dire need and inability to access basic needs and services such as food, shelter, basic healthcare and education and lack of access information and communication and also include powerlessness, social exclusion, ignorance or lack of knowledge

It is not bad if mkukuta looked poverty in three basic needs of life like food, shelter, and clothes because most of the people in the area are still in poverty so it led fail to afford the basic needs that as follows food ,shelter and clothes.

According to Nyambari Nyangwine book of general studies from advanced level state that, poverty is the major problem in different countries in the world especially the African countries and Latin America. Poverty has caused underdevelopment to these countries, due to poverty they failed even to accommodate their life. But in another side poverty is the state of a person to have low income or the state not having enough money or state of being unable to afford the basic needs or necessities of life such as food, clothing, and shelter.

This is at individual level but at national level poverty can be stated as the condition where by country is unable to be independent economically hence depending on external sources of finance its basic requirement for its survival as a nation.

The situation of poverty it looks like your not independent in economic it means you can be more independent in socially by sharing ideas with your fellows and politically by involving in various activities of elections but in economically which include financial if you lack it, as i state in my study it led to lack basic needs like food, shelter, and clothes.

Taarifa ya haki za binadamu Tanzania (2009) “kilimo na ufugaji ni moja ya dhana muhimu katika kuondoa umaskini Tanzania” This book of haki za binadamu try to provide the solution which relates with this study of poverty so it helped to get solution which enable society to overcome

poverty although there is a lot of solution from various books but this books try to provide the solution enabled people to know what they should do in order to overcome the problems.

2.2 RELATED RESEARCH STUDIES

Arjun Appadurai (2004) he wrote research about the environment of poverty which cause the poor enter into this cycle of poor lack ideas capacities, also a person in poverty lacks adequate voice and exit with which they can change their position

But in another side the report of Arjun Appadurai about poverty it include those who lack ideas capacities but this does not include all people in the society few of them involved but in lack of voice it include many people because in various society there is a lot of people who lack voice of expressing their view because in some of the society they look like nothing in the sight of people who are in good condition of affording the basic needs of life.

Rank Yoon and Herschel (2003) wrote research about American poverty as structural failing, personal failings are the cause of, the argument presented is that united states poverty is the results of failing at the structural level, key social and economic structural failing which contribute heavily to poverty.

Apart from Rank and Herschel to talk poverty is about person failings in united state not only in the united state but also in Tanzania there is person failing which include responsibility of your self in overcome the poverty situation.

According to Maia Green (2006) report poverty is viewed as an object in which all social relation (and persons involved) are obscured, issues such as structural failings (see earlier section) institutionalized inequalities.

So Maia Green tried to look poverty by including social relation as stated in the back ground information about poverty that situation of unable to afford the basic needs that appear in the society so it show the problem still appear in the society if there is any ways of solving that problem should direct in the society.

Sachs Jeffrey (2005), wrote research about on how can end poverty, Jeffrey stated the solution of poverty can be eliminated globally by the year 2025 through carefully planned development aid, So Jeffrey believe poverty can reduced through development aid its true because some times people lack support of development aid thus led few of them fail to engage in development activities.

Raymond Mnenwa and Emmanuel Maliti(2010) wrote a research on poverty alleviation,in their research they discover that lack of education is the one of the most common which led poverty especially children because most of them engaged in small business. Also the researcher realized that Tanzania children do not have the opportunities to continue onto secondary school,some students may not qualify to enter form one as a consequence of failing examination but all in all

poverty is the major underying cause children dropping out of school or being unable to continue their education.

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter outlined the methods that used in the collection of data during the whole period of my study.

3.0 Research Design

The research used both quantitative and qualitative methodologies in carrying out the research on “the role of Morogoro municipal local radio stations in reducing poverty” (The study conducted at Radio Ukweli).

Quantitative method enabled the researcher to analyze data numerically, while Qualitative method enabled the researcher to analyze the data through opinions, feelings and attitudes of the respondents.

3.1Area of study

The study was conducted at Radio Ukweli fm in Morogoro Municipality and its suburbs such as Mazimbu,Kilakala,Bigwa,Mzinga and Kihonda because most of the people were familiar with the problem, also in Morogoro municipal there are a lot of local radio stations and the area identified because of its large population of people who are poverty.

3.2 Sampling

The researcher used 40 respondents in total and also random selection and accidentally used in the process of collecting data information because through accidentally people aired out their opinion. Also the collection of information were as follows; Morogoro town (10 respondents was provided with questionnaires and 5 were interviewed), While in other places the provision of questionnaires applied including Kilakala (10 ), Mazimbu (4), Bigwa (5), Kihonda (4), and media owners (2)

3.3 Methods of Data collection researcher came up with detailed data and clear information on the role of local radio station in poverty eradication, the research used different type of data collection techniques. These methods helped in realizing the intended research goal, so the research used both primary and secondary methods of data collection Primary data it included interview, open and close ended questionnaire.

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS AND DATA ANALYSIS

Chapter four is about research findings and analysis of data obtained from research questions,there were eight questions which provided in two groups such as media listerners and media owners,but the research question attained from specific objectives which the researcher used in the collection of data and below are the findings:

4.1 Findings

The data are presented inform of table that included respondents, number of respondents who participated to answer the questions presented in percentage but other data presented in explaination

Table 4.1.1

Types of respondents	Number of respondent	Percentage
Morogoro town	15 out of 15	37.5% out of 37.5%
Kila kala	10 out of 10	25% out of 25%
Mazimbu	3 out of 4	7.5% out of 10%
Kihonda	4 out of 4	10% out of 10%
Bigwa	5 out of 5	12.5% out of 12.5%
Media owners	2 out of 2	5% out of 5%
Total	39 out of 40	97.5% out of 100%

The above table depicts that the distribution of questionnaires was successful in the sense that 39 out of 40 questionnaire distributed which make 97.5% out of 100% have been filled in by respondents and submitted back.

But the similar to the questionnaire process,the same sub-distribution was under taken even for the interview process where five respodents were proposed to meet for the interview and very successfully because all five respondents from morogoro town town were succesfull met.

Data from media listerners

Table 4.1.2: Respondent who listerned radio ukweli and who are not listerned radio ukweli in morogoro municipal.

Table 4.1.2(a)

Do you listern radio ukweli	Yes	No	Spoiled
	20	17	1

According to table 4.1.2 the finding showed that 20 respondent who makes 50% listerned radio ukweli while 17 respondents making 42.5% answered no it means they are not listerning radio ukweli and 1 who make 2.5% spoiled the questionnaire

Table 4.1.2(b)

Program that listerned with respondent	entertainment programs	Yes	No	Total
	entertainment programs	13	7	20
	Serious programs	Yes	No	Total
	Serious programs	9	11	20

According to table 4.1.2 (b) 13 respondent out of 20 listerning entertainment program while 9 respondent out of 20 are listerning serious program

Table 4.1.3: The programs aired at radio ukweli about poverty

Does radio ukweli air any program about poverty?	Yes	No	Spoiled
Does radio ukweli air any program about poverty?	9	28	1

According to table 4.3; 9 respondent who making 22.5% accepted that there is program about povery that aired at radio radio ukweli while 28 respondents who making 70% said no and 1 of them spoiled the questionnaire

Table 4.1.4: contribution of radio ukweli program in reducing poverty

Does the radio ukweli program contribute in reducing poverty?	Yes	No	Spoiled
	27	10	1

According to table 4.1.4 showed that 27 respondent who makes 67.5% agreed that there some of radio ukweli program contribute in reducing poverty while 10 respondent who make 25% said no and 1 spoiled questinnaire

4.1.5: what measures should be taken to reduce poverty

Through the use of questinnaires and face to face interview conducted during the period of study,the findings show that 32 respondent aired out the measures that should be taken in reducing poverty while 6 respondents they don’t know measures that should be taken in reducing poverty.

The following are the measures that aired with 32respondent

i)loans,respondent proposed that loans should be provided to the people because it enable people to engage in a business that will led them to survive and affording the basic needs of life such as food,shelter and clothes

ii) Education about entrepreneurship,most of respondent accept that there is large number of people don’t have education of entrepreneurship thus why led most of the people in the society unable to employ themselves,so it is better for government to provide education about entrepreneurship because entrepreneurship it help to reduce dependent life.

iii)Employment,government should ensure jobless are getting employment because there is large number of people who have no employment thus why situation of poverty still exist in the society.

Iv) Government should make priority in agriculture activities through providing modern tools to the farmers

v)Media should run the program that will based in poverty condition by looking the source of poverty,and the ways to overcome because it enable people to know the strategies of avoiding poverty.

Data from media owners

The findings and analysis are obtained and presented on the basis of research questions which are;

i)Do you think the number of radio ukweli listeners meets the desired targets?

Media owners at radio ukweli station accepted that radio ukweli meets desired target to listerners through the program aired

ii) Program aired at radio ukweli station

Two respondent from media owners proved that there is serious programs and entertainment program aired at radio ukweli hence serious program include kutoka kazini while entertainment include msanii wa wiki and kwaya ya juma

iii) Policy of radio ukweli in reducing poverty

Two respondent from media owners accepted that their policy support to reduce poverty especially through their program because they trying to run their program without to go out of their policy regardless their target is to spread religion but they have the program which motivate people to engage in various activities that led to get money that will enable to afford the basic needs of life such as food, shelter, and clothes.

iv) The role of radio ukweli in reducing poverty

Media owners proved that radio ukweli play big part in ensuring they bring changes in the society through the programs that aired at radio ukweli it doesn’t matter that they based in religion but they have the serious program which motivate people to employ themselves and to participate in the activities that will led them to get money for example program of kutoka kazini,this program motivate people who are jobless to involve in the economic activities,bussness because kutoka kazini program used to meets with employees from various areas and those who are not employees but they employ themselves

4.2 Data analysis

From the findings of the study researcher obtained information from the respondent through research questions, researcher disclosed for how respondent expressed their feelings towards the role of radio ukweli in reducing poverty in Morogoro municipal

Findings revealed that 20 respondents out of 40 are listening radio ukweli but there is small gap number with the people who are not listening radio ukweli because the number of the respondent who are not listening radio ukweli is 17 out of 40 so what I realized there is small number of respondent who listen radio ukweli.

Also findings revealed that there is small number of people who listening serious program than the number of people who listen entertainment program because the number of people who listen entertainment was 13 out of 20 and for those who are not listening serious program was 9 out of 20

Also findings revealed that radio ukweli have no specific program about poverty but they have the program called kutoka kazini that will motivate people to engage in the activities that enabled them to get money so as to afford the basic needs such as food, shelter and clothes.

Also finings revealed that many people in morogoro municipal have no education about entrepreneurship because many respondent they proposed government to provide education about entrepreneurship so due to this led researcher realized that there is high need for people to get education about entrepreneurship so as to enable people employ themselves.

CHAPTER FIVE

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Conclusion

This section draws conclusion based on what findings reveal with regards to the questionnaire collected from 40 respondents the study revealed that most of the people from morogoro municipal they don’t listening radio ukweli and others based in listening entertainment program and not serious program aired at radio ukweli.

Poverty cannot be reduced in hundred percent for the people around at morogoro municipal through the program that aired at radio ukweli station because radio ukweli they don’t have specific program about poverty but they try to air out the program which enable people to engage in economic activities such as agriculture and business activities that led people to afford the basic needs example of the program that aired is kutoka kazini

Also what researcher realized most of the people are jobless and they fail to employ themselves according to lack of capital sometimes people get money but they don’t know on how to manage it,and most of them bilieved that they cant do any thing through the small amount of money they got,so its better for the people to believe on their small amount they have that they can do something that enable them to get more than they have

5.2 Recommendations

This section draws all recommendation and address to the most concerned entities or individual if possible by always referring to the finding concluded in this study as the ways to assist society and government the same with media owners in solving the problems under concern.

5.2.1: Media owners

Media owners should ensure that their media run the program that will bring changes in the society especially poor society, because people should get knowledge about the problem faced through media so as to know on how to overcome the problem

Also media should ensure that their media make priority for the issues that used as obstacle for the development to the society such as poverty.

Also media owners should ensure that their media policy should bring changes to the society especially in rising economy through adding the section in the policy that speaks louder about poverty situation in the country, they should have specific that addressing poverty issues so as to increase awareness to the society about the strategies of reducing poverty so as to bring development

5.2.2: The society

The society should base in listening radio frequently so as to get information about various issue concerning life such as poverty situation because it enable them to know source and solution of various problems that they faced especially poverty through engaging in the activities that will enable them to get money so as to afford the basic needs of life

5.2.3: Government

Government should ensure that situation of poverty decreased and this it can be possible through the cooperation with media by sponsoring various programs about poverty so as to to be aired, because it led the society to know a lot of things about poverty such as causes and strategies to overcome the problem. So in order government to succeed in reducing poverty should go together with the media as easy way of communication with the society to get message.

Also government should ensure they provide education to the society about entrepreneurship thus why most of the people they don’t have knowledge about entrepreneurship because education of entrepreneurship it led people to employ himself or herself.

5.2.4: Non-government organization

Non-government organization (NGO’S) is very important and can work as catalyst to boost up development of society especially for the society who is in poor standard of living in the country.

Unfortunately most of non-government organization in the country devoted to other issue like political issues other (NGO’S) tried to look the society like opharns,Aids so it’s better if they will increase their efforts in the that suffered with poverty situation so as to overcome this problem through provide loans, skills and employment.

REFERENCES

Appadurai, Arjun (2004), culture and publication, Stamford universities press, pp 59-84 environment of poverty, lack of capacities ideas

Berry L,L and parasuraman,Five imperatives for for improving service quality in the society.Review vol 31 no 4 summaries 1990 pg 29

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ministry of agriculture,food and cooperative,of Tanzania

Green, Maia (2006), "Representing Poverty and Attacking Representations: Perspectives on Poverty from Social Anthropology", Journal of Development Studies 42 (7): 1108–1129

Jeffrey, S (2005) the end of poverty, New York

Mkukuta Media Tool Kit, centre for media studies, Resarch and net working (2009)

Mkukuta Bronchure (2010)

Mnenwa, R & Maliti, E (2010) report on poverty alleviation, Dare es salaam

Nyambari Nyangwine (2007), book of general studies from advanced level

Oxford Advanced Learners dictionary (new Edition 2010)

Rank, Yoon&Herschel (2003) American poverty as a structural failing, journal of sociology and social welfare 30(4):3-29

Ramparsad,R. (2001). A strategy for teacher involvement in curriculum development.south African journal of development education.

Taarifa ya haki za binadamu Tanzania (2009)

Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

www.tanzania.go.tz/agricuiture.html

3.4 APPENDIX

English questionnaire for respondents

1: Respondents: media listeners and Media owners

Dear respondent,

I am Silvano Kayera a diploma level of journalism at Morogoro School of Journalism. I am conducting a research on the role Morogoro Municipal Radio in educating society about poverty. The research paper will be important because it is part for the award of my diploma level.

There fore the questionnaire will be distributed to the respondents in finding the data through close ended questionnaire method

Thanks for your kind cooperation.

Yours sincerely

Silvano Kayera

The guiding questions for media owners

Please tick in the appropriate box:

1. Do you think the number of Radio Ukweli listeners meets the desired targets?

Yes ( ) No ( )

2. What programs are aired in your radio?

Serious program……………….

Entertainment………………….

3. Do you think the policy of radio ukweli will support to reduce poverty? Yes ( ) No ( )

4. If the answer is Yes what is the role of Radio Ukweli in reducing poverty in Morogoro Municipal?

………………………………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………… Thanks, Silvano Kayera –a student of Morogoro School of Journalism

Swahili questionnaire for the media listeners

Mimi ni Silvano Kayera mwanafunzi katika chuo cha uandishi wa habari Morogoro,nina fanya utafiti wa jinsi gani radio za manispaa ya Morogoro zina elimisha jamii kuhusu umaskini..Utafiti huu ni sehemu ya stashahada yangu ya uandishi wa habari.

Kwa hiyo ninaomba ushirikiano wako Kwa kunijibia maswali haya Kama inavyoelekezwa katika kila kipengele.

Nashukuru kwa ushirikiano wako.

Ni Mimi,

Silvano Kayera

Maswali

Tafadhali, weka alama ya tiki katika kiboksi kimojawapo hapa chini

1. Je unasikiliza redio ukweli? Ndiyo ( ) Hapana ( )

Kama ndiyo taja vipindi unavyosikiliza i……………………………..

ii…………………………….

iii……………………………

2. Je redio ukweli ina vipindi vinavyohusu umaskini? Ndiyo ( ) Hapana ( )

3. Je vipindi vya redio ukweli vinachangia kupunguza umaskini? Ndiyo ( ) Hapana ( )